toasted ham and cheese sandwich
[noun]
[de tos-ti, de tos-ti’s]

There’s not really an equivalent in English for “tosti”. In French, there is, though: “croque-monsieur”. “Tosti” apparently originates from the Italian “tosto” (from which “tosti” is the plural form), which is short for “tostato”, which is the past particple of “tostare”: to toast.
(Photo: Heather-D (flickr.com) – some rights reserved.)

A “tosti” is two slices of bread, by default with cheese and ham in between,
toasted all together. The ingredients may vary, but cheese (of any
kind) seems to be mandatory. If you order a tosti without further
specification, you will receive a ham and cheese tosti, mostly served with a small bowl of ketchup.

Examples:
– “Ik wil graag een tosti.”  – “Ham en kaas?” – “Ja, graag.”
(“I would like to have a tosti.” – “Ham and cheese?” – “Yes, please.”)

– “Lara maakt de allerbeste tosti’s!! Met Franse salami, tomaatjes en oude kaas…”
(“Lara makes the absolute best tostis!! With French salami, little tomatoes and old cheese…”)

– “Ober, mag ik mayonaise bij mijn tosti in plaats van ketchup?” – “Vanzelfsprekend, meneer.”
(“Waiter, can I have mayonaise with my tosti instead of ketchup?” – “Naturally, sir.”)

Related words:
– Tosti-apparaat: toaster device (for making tostis) [noun] [het tosti-apparaat, de tosti-apparaten].
– Tosti-ijzer: toaster device (for making tostis, lit.: tosti iron) [noun] [het tosti-ijzer, de tosti-ijzers].
– Broodrooster: toaster (for toasting slices of bread) [noun] [het broodrooster, de broodroosters].
– Roosteren: to toast [verb] [roosterde, geroosterd].

Extra:
You have a “broodrooster” (toaster) and a “tosti-apparaat/ijzer”. They are different devices. The former is a device used to toast bread, especially by exposure to electrically heated wire coils. The latter is a device for making tostis by heating/toasting a ham/cheese sandwich between two metal plates. These plates are usually heated electrically.

to practise sorcery / witchcraft, to conjure (up)
[verb]
[to-ver-de, ge-to-verd]

“Toveren” is often used in its literal sense: witches and sorcerers do it all the time 🙂 It can also be used when someone does something which seems impossible.

Examples:
– “De tovenaar leerde de toverspreuken uit zijn hoofd.” 
(“The sorcerer learned the magic charms by heart.”)

– “Harry Potter gaat naar de school van tovenarij Zweinstein.” 
(“Harry Potter attends the school for witchcraft Hogwarts.”)

– “Toen ik vroeg of zij een tissue had toverde zij een hele rol keukenpapier te voorschijn uit haar tas.” 
(“When I asked her for a tissue, she conjured up an entire kitchen roll out of her purse.”)

– “Wil je binnen 10 minuten een artikel van twee pagina’s? Onmogelijk! Ik kan niet toveren.” 
(“Do you want a two-page article within 10 minutes? Impossible! I’m no wizard.”)

– “Wie heeft van de toverdrank gedronken? Asterix of Obelix?” 
(“Who drank (of) the magic potion? Asterix or Obelix?”)

– “Hans Klok is een van de bekendste Nederlandse illusionisten/goochelaars.”
(“Hans Klok is one Holland’s most famous illusionists.”)

Related words:
– Goochelen: to conjure, to perform conjuring tricks [verb] [goochelde, gegoocheld].
– Goochelkunst: conjuring trick [noun] [de goochelkunst, de goochelkunsten].
– Goochelaar: illusionist [noun] [de goochelaar, de goochelaars].
– Tovenaar: sorcerer [noun] [de tovernaar, de tovenaars].
– (Tover)heks: witch, sorceress [noun] [de toverheks, de toverheksen].
– Toverspreuk: magic spell, charm [noun] [de toverspreuk, de toverspreuken].
– Toverkol: witch, hag [noun] [de toverkol, de toverkollen].
– Toverdrank: magic potion [noun] [de toverdrank, de toverdranken].

Extra:
Dutch singer Herman van Veen – who slightly resembles a sorcerer himself – had a hit in the eighties with his song “Toveren“.

microwave (oven)
[noun]
[de mag-ne-tron, de mag-ne-trons]

If you think that “magnetron” is the Dutch translation of the name of a character from the X-men or Transformers series, you’re wrong… 🙂

The Netherlands are probably the only country in the world where the microwave oven is called by its main internal component that produces the microwave radiation: the cavity magnetron… Even in Belgium, the Dutch “magnetron” is called “microgolfoven” (i.e. the literal translation of microwave oven).

Sometimes you will see the word “combi-magnetron”, which means that the microwave also has an oven/grill function.

Examples:
– “Verwarm de saus drie minuten in de magnetron op 1000 Watt.” 
(“Heat up the sauce for three minutes in the microwave at 1000 Watt.”)

– “Kunnen we die noedels van de afhaalchinees ook morgen nog in de magnetron stoppen?”
(“Can we put those noodles from the take-away Chinese in the microwave tomorrow?.”)

– “Frank heeft nooit zin om te koken en haalt altijd een magnetronmaaltijd van de supermarkt.”
(“Frank never feels like cooking and always gets a microwave dinner at the supermarket.”)

Related words:
– Opwarmen: to heat up [verb] [warmde op, opgewarmd].
– Vermogen: power [noun] [het vermogen, de vermogens].

Example:
– “Hoe lang moet deze maaltijd in de magnetron?” – “Vijf minuten op vol vermogen.”
(“How long does this dinner have to go in the microwave?” – “Five minutes at full power.)

– Koken: to cook [verb] [kookte, gekookt].

movement, move, motion, exercise
[noun]
[de be-we-ging, de be-we-gin-gen]

"Beweging" and the related verb "bewegen" have everything to do with movement, exercise, and motion. It can be used in both a literal and a figurative sense. Note that the past participle of "bewegen" is "bewogen", and can also be used as an adjective/adverb meaning "moved", "eventful" or "emotive".

Examples:
– "Ik heb een stijve nek, ik heb duidelijk wat meer beweging nodig." 
("I have a stiff neck, I clearly need more exercise".)

– "Hoe heb je je enkel verstuikt?" – "Ik maakte een verkeerde beweging tijdens mijn tenniswedstrijd." 
("How did you sprain your ankle?" – "I made a wrong move during my tennis game.")

– "De vredesbeweging protesteerde op de Dam." 
("The peace movement demonstrated at Dam Square.")

– "Iedere dag minimaal een half uur bewegen is goed voor je gezondheid." 
("Exercising at least half an hour each day is good for your health.")

– "Hij heeft een bewogen leven gehad: hij heeft in twee oorlogen gevochten." 
("He has had an eventful life: he fought in two wars.")

– "Hij was diep bewogen door haar pleidooi voor meer vrijheid." 
("He was deeply moved by her plea for more freedom.")

Expressions:
– "In beweging zetten/krijgen": to start up, to begin to move.

Example:
– "Ze is zo lui als een varken, ze is niet in beweging te krijgen."
("She’s very lazy, I can’t make her do anything." Lit.: "She’s as lazy as a pig, she is hard to move.")

– "Een omtrekkende beweging maken": to try to bypass/circumvent.

Example:
– "Zij maakte een omtrekkende beweging toen hij die confronterende vraag aan haar stelde."
("She tried to circumvent answering when he asked her that confronting question.")

– "Uit eigen beweging": of one’s own accord.

Example:
– "Niemand heeft hem gedwongen, hij deed het uit eigen beweging."
("Nobody forced him, he did it out of his own free will.")

Related words:
– Bewegen: to move [verb] [bewegen, bewoog, bewogen].
– Bewogen: moved, eventful, emotive [adjective/adverb].

to gossip
[verb]
[rod-del-de, ge-rod-deld]

Like most people, the Dutch like to gossip, translated "roddelen". The gossip about the famous Dutch – the "BN’ers" – can be found in the Dutch gossip magazines ("roddelbladen"), see Extra.

Examples:
– "Frank roddelt altijd achter de rug van zijn baas." 
("Frank always gossips behind his chef’s back.")

– "Ik? Een affaire met de buurvrouw? Wie heeft er geroddeld? Dat slaat nergens op!" 
("Me? An affair with my neighbour? Who told you that gossip? That makes no sense at all!")

– "Welke BN’ers staan nu weer in de roddelbladen?" 
("Which famous Dutch are in the gossip magazines now?")

Related words:
– Roddelblad: gossip magazine, tabloid [noun] [het roddelblad, de roddelbladen].

Example:
– "Ik lees altijd de roddelbladen bij de kapper."
("I always read the gossip magazines when I’m at the hairdresser.")

– Weekblad: weekly magazine (that’s how gossip magazines like to call themselves 🙂 ) [noun] [het weekblad, de weekbladen].
– Babbelen: to chat, to chatter [verb] [babbelde, gebabbeld].
– Kletsen: to talk (nonsense), to chatter [ver] [kletste, gekletst].
– Achterklap: gossip [noun] [de achterklap, <no plural>].
– Riooljournalistiek: yellow journalism (lit.: sewer journalism) [noun] [de riooljournalistiek, <no plural>].

Extra:
The Dutch have gossip magazines too. Here’s an (probably incomplete) overview:
– Story (the first Dutch gossip magazine)
– Privé
– Weekend
– Party

Actually, in the Netherlands there are no tabloids comparable to the tabloids in – for example – the UK (Daily Star, The Sun, etc.). The Dutch newspaper "Telegraaf" has somewhat the look and feel of a tabloid, but is still considered to be a quality newspaper. The Telegraaf has a special gossip section though, with selection of the topics and articles in the Privé gossip magazine…