Zeker

absolutely, sure, certain Iconspeaker_3
[adverb/adjective]

"Zeker" can mean many things: it can be used as an affirmative reply to a question ("absolutely!") but Zeker_3 also in both meanings of "certain" (see Examples) and when referring to people as "confident". Its antonym is "onzeker" and is mostly used in the translation "insecure".

In reply to a question, sometimes "ja" is added: "jazeker", which makes the affirmation even stronger.

Examples:
– "Gaan we nog naar het theater vanavond?" -" (Ja)zeker, ik heb me er de hele week op verheugd!" 
(-"Are we still going to the theatre tonight?" -"(Yes) absolutely, I’ve been looking forward to it all week!")

– "Heb je een leuke Bevrijdingsdag gehad? -"Jazeker! Ik ben naar een van de festivals gegaan." 
(-"Did you have a nice Liberation Day?" -"Absolutely yes! I went to one of the festivals." )

– "Ik weet zeker dat zij dat een leuk cadeau zou vinden." 
("I know for sure that she would like that present.")

– "Het is zeker dat Jacob Zuma de nieuwe president van Zuid-Afrika wordt." 
("It’s certain that Jacob Zuma will be the new president of South-Africa.")

– "Ik ben er zeker van dat het gezellig wordt als hij er bij is." 
("I’m sure that it will be great fun if he’ll be there.")

– "Hij heeft zo’n drukke baan dat hij zeker weer geen tijd heeft om af te spreken." 
("He has such a busy job that he probably won’t have time to meet up [he never does].")

– "Zij komt erg zelfverzekerd over, terwijl hij erg onzeker lijkt." 
("She comes across very self-confident, whereas he seems quite insecure.")

– "Ik ben op zoek naar een zekere meneer Janssen." 
("I’m looking for a certain Mr. Janssen.")

– "In zekere zin heb je gelijk als je vindt dat Van Basten de juiste beslissing heeft genomen om Ajax te verlaten, maar aan de andere kant is het jammer." 
("In a way you’re right if you think that Van Basten made the right choice to leave Ajax, but on the other hand it’s a pity.")

Expressions:
– "Zeker weten": to know for sure.
– "Vast en zeker": definitely, certainly.
– "Zeker van zijn zaak zijn": to be absolutely sure of one’s ground.

Example:
– "Je brengt hem niet zomaar op andere gedachten, hij is zeker van zijn zaak."
("You won’t change his mind easily, he is absolutely sure of his ground.")

– "Het zekere voor het onzekere nemen": to be on the safe side.
– "Zijn leven niet zeker zijn": not be sure of one’s life.

Related words:
– Onzeker: insecure [adjective/adverb].
– Verzekeren: assure, insure, secure [verb] [verzekerde, verzekerd].
– Zelfverzekerd: self-confident [adjective/adverb].

Extra:
Instead of "vast en zeker", the Flemish use the expression "zeker en vast"…

Tortelduif

turtledove, lovebird Iconspeaker_3
[noun]
[de tor-tel-duif, de tor-tel-dui-ven]

Lovebird_3Sometimes Dutch isn't that hard at all: a "turtledove" simply translates to Dutch "tortelduif". A kissing or cuddling couple doesn't have to consist of two pigeons, but can be virtually two of all species. When referring to a couple (instead of the bird species), often the diminutive plural "tortelduifjes" is used. The related verb "tortelen" is hardly ever used.

Examples:
– "De Turkse tortel(duif) komt sinds de tweede helft van de 20ste eeuw voor in Nederland." 
("The Turkish turtle has existed in the Netherlands since the second half of the 20th century.")

– "De jonge tortelduifjes hadden alleen maar oog voor elkaar." 
("The young love birds saw nothing but each other." Lit.: "…only had eye for each other.")

– "De gefrustreerde leraar kon de tortelende stellen op het schoolplein niet aanzien." 
("The frustrated teacher couldn't stand the cuddling couples on the school yard." Lit.: "…couldn't see…")

Related words:
– Tortelen: to bill and coo [verb] [tortelde, getorteld].
– Knuffelen: to cuddle, to hug [verb] [knuffelde, geknuffeld].
Zoenen: to kiss [verb] [zoende, gezoend].
– Duif: pigeon, dove [noun] [de duif, de duiven].

Spoed

rush, hurry, haste, urgency Iconspeaker_3
[noun]
[de spoed, <no plural>]

"Spoed" is used for a job that has to be done quickly. Its meaning is closely related to "haast" ("haste") but is slightly more formal. The latter can be used for people as well as things that need urgent action or have to be concluded fast, e.g. "hij heeft haast" ("he’s in a rush") or "the job has to be done fast" ("de klus heeft haast"). "Spoed" cannot be used when referring to people. The related verb is "spoeden" ("to speed, to hurry"). This verb is seldomly used; the verb "haasten" ("to hurry, to make haste") is much more common. 

Examples:Spoed_5
– "De Britse natuurkundige Stephen Hawking werd afgelopen week met spoed in het ziekenhuis opgenomen." 
("The British physicist Stephen Hawking was rushed to the hospital last week.")

– "Met spoed gezocht: drie-kamer appartement in Amsterdam." 
("Urgently looking for apartment with three rooms in Amsterdam.")

– "De coalitiepartijen hielden gisteravond een spoeddebat over de Joint Strike Fighter." 
("The coalition parties held an emergency debate on the Joint Strike Fighter yesterday evening.")

– "Heb je het druk?" -"Ja, ik heb een spoedklus die over twee uur af moet zijn."
("Are you busy?" – "Yes, I have a rush job that needs to be finished in two hours.")

– "Ik heb enorme haast; kun je het kort houden?" 
("I’m in a huge rush; can you keep it brief?")

– "Haast je, anders mis je je trein!" 
("Hurry or you’ll miss your train!")

Expressions:
– "Haastige spoed is zelden goed": haste makes waste.

Related words:
– Spoedklus: rush job [noun] [de spoedklus, de spoedklussen].
– Spoeddebat: emergency debate [noun] [het spoeddebat, de spoeddebatten].
– Spoedcursus: intensive/crash course [noun] [de spoedcursus, de spoedcursussen].
– Spoedig: shortly, speedy [adjective/adverb].
– Spoeden: to speed, to hurry [verb] [spoedde, gespoed].Spoedeisend_2
– Haast: hurry [noun] [de haast, <no plural>].

Extra:
The emergency department of a hospital is called "Spoedeisende hulp" (lit.: "Urgent help"). Click here for more.

Uitleg

explanation, clarification Iconspeaker_3
[noun]
[de uit-leg, <no plural>]

If you don’t understand what someone is saying, you’d better ask him/her for an explanation ("uitleg"). The core task of a teacher is "uitleg geven" ("give an explanation") or "uitleggen" ("explain"). You typically explain something to someone (see below for example sentences).Leraar_2

Examples:
– "De oppositie eiste een uitleg van de minister over de torenhoge bonussen van woningcorporaties." 
("The opposition demanded an explanation from the minister on the sky-high bonuses of housing corporations.")

– "Ik snapte helemaal niet wat er aan de hand was totdat zij het me uitlegde." 
("I didn’t have a clue what was going on until she explained it to me.")

– "Kun je me uitleggen waarom er lippenstift op je shirt zit? Ga je soms vreemd?" 
("Can you explain to me why you have lipstick on your shirt? Are you cheating on me?")

– "Op de verpakking stond uitgelegd hoe de verf te gebruiken." 
("On the packaging it was explained how to use the paint.")

Expressions:
– "Tekst en uitleg": a full explanation.

Example:
– "Zij gaf me tekst en uitleg over de discussies tijdens de conferentie."
("She gave me a full account of the discussions during the conference.")

Related words:
– Uitleg geven: to give an explanation [verb] [gaf, heeft gegeven].
– Uitleggen: to explain [verb] [legde uit, heeft uitgelegd].
– Snappen: to understand, to grasp [verb] [snapte, heeft gesnapt].
– Begrijpen: to understand [noun] [begreep, heeft begrepen].

Flitser

camera flash, speed control Iconspeaker_3
[noun]
[de flit-ser, de flit-sers]

When you drive on the Dutch highways, you’d better listen to the radio to get to know where you can expect speed controls. The machines registrating your speed are called "flitsers" or "flitspalen" ("flash-poles", see picture), derived from the verb "flitsen" ("to flash"); the machine gives a flashlight when it takes a picture of your license plate. You can also find many "flitsers" at traffic lights. These "flitsers" mostly check if you ignore a red traffic light. Besides speed controls on a fixed location, the police also controls speed on locations that vary each day. A "flitser" also denotes a flash on a camera.  Flitser_3

Examples:
– "Er wordt geflitst op de A2 richting Amsterdam bij hectometerpaaltje 34.6." 
("There is a speed control on the A2 in the direction of Amsterdam at hectometerpole 34.6.")

– "Op de A9 staat een mobiel flitsteam bij knooppunt Kleinpolderplein." 
("There is a mobile speed-control team at junction Kleinpolderplein on the A9.")

– "Volgens mij werd ik geflitst toen ik door rood reed… weer een boete." 
("I think that the flashpole registrated my license plate when I went through that red traffic light… another fine."  [Lit.: "I think I was flashed when I drove through red …"])Flitser2_2

– "Als het donker is kun je beter een foto maken met flitser." 
("When it’s dark it’s better to take a picture using flash.")

Related words:
– Flitsen: to flash [verb] [flitste, geflitst].
– Flitspaal: flash-pole, pole registrating your license plate when you speed or drive through a red traffic light [de flitspaal, de flitspalen].
Stoplicht: traffic light [het stoplicht, de stoplichten].