280. Billenknijper

bottom pincher/squeezer [noun] [de billenknijper, de billenknijpers] [‘bi-lun-knij-pur’]

Billenknijper_1Today’s DWOTD is inspired by a news article that appeared on a Dutch news internet site (www.nu.nl). Amongst other people that were arrested during the "Leids ontzet" celebration (see DWOTD 279. Ontzet) there was a "billenknijper".
This word is a typical illustration of the compound form that allows you to create arbitrarily long words in Dutch. In this case it consists of "billen" ("buttocks/bottom") and "knijper" ("somebody who pinches / squeezes") derived from the verb "knijpen": to pinch, to squeeze.

Examples:
– "<krantenkop:> Baldadige billenknijper aangehouden bij Leidens Ontzet."
("<newspaper headline:> Rowdy bottom squeezer arrested during "Leidens Ontzet"." Actually "aanhouden" means "to stop somebody", but it is commonly used for "to arrest".)

– "Tijdens drukte is de kans op een billenknijper groter door de anonimiteit van de massa."
("During commotion the probability of a bottom squeezer (being active) is bigger due to the anonimity of the masses." In this context "drukte" generally translates to "crowds of people".)

Related words:
– "Bil": buttock, cheek.
– "Knijpen": to pinch, to squeeze.
– "Knijper": (clothes) peg/pin, or somebody who pinches/squeezes.

Extra:
A word that looks very similar but means something totally different is "ballenknijper". This word literally translates to "balls pincher" and is used to describe the tight male swim wear that looks like underwear ("speedos") and that middle aged Dutch men tend to wear (it is apparantly also mandatory swim wear in French swimming pools).

279. Ontzet

1. relief, rescue [noun] [het ontzet, de ontzetten] [‘ont-zet‘]

Today is the celebration of the "relief of Leyden" – in Dutch "het ontzet van Leiden" or "Leids ontzet". The city of Leiden was liberated from the Spanish siege on October 3rd of 1574 during the Eighty Year’s War. The story goes that the cooked bits of potato that were left by the Spanish formed the origin of the recipe for "hutspot", a typical Dutch winter dish made of mashed potatoes, carrots and onions. When entering the city, the liberators ("Geuzen") brought herring ("haring") and white bread.
So if you are in Leiden today and you don’t like hutspot, you can still feast on the haring 😉

Examples:
– "Elk jaar op 3 oktober vieren de inwoners van Leiden het Leids ontzet."
("Every year on October 3rd, the inhabitants of Leiden celebrate the "Leids ontzet".)

– "Tijdens de viering van het Leids ontzet wordt er gratis haring en wittebrood uitgereikt."
("During the celebration of the "Leids ontzet" free herring and white bread is handed out.")

Related word:
– "Ontzetten": to relieve (city), to rescue.

Example:
– "Toen de politie arriveerde kon het slachtoffer eindelijk worden ontzet."
("When the police arrived the victim was finally rescued.")

2. dislocated, wrenched, out of alignment/gauge [adjective] [‘ont-zet‘]

Examples:
– "Ik ben gevallen en nu is mijn schouder ontzet."
("I fell and now my shoulder is dislocated.")

– "Door de aanrijding zijn de treinrails ontzet geraakt."
("Due to the crash the rails are out of gauge.")

3. aghast, horror-stricken, dismayed at/by [adjective] [‘ont-zet‘]

You might not encounter the word "ontzet" too often in this translation, but it is a perfectly normal word to use. A very common derivation of "ontzet" is the adverb "ontzettend", which can also be used as an adjective.

Related word:
– "Ontzettend": terribly, awfully, terrifically, tremendously, immensely, incredibly etc.

Examples:
– "Ik vind het laatste album van Nick Cave ontzettend goed, en jij?"
("I think the latest album by Nick Cave is incredibly good, what do you think?")

– "Het heeft afgelopen nacht ontzettend geregend."
("There was terrible rain last night." Literally: "It has rained terribly…")

– "Ontzettend bedankt voor je hulp!"
("Thanks awfully for your help!")

Schurkenstaat

rogue state [noun] [de schurkenstaat, de schurkenstaten] [‘sgur-kun-staat’]

“Schurkenstaat” is a word that is used for a state that poses a threat to world peace or safety. We are not sure when it first appeared in the Dutch language. It is a combination of the words “schurken” and “staat”.

A “schurk” is a bit of an old-fashioned word and translates to “villain”, “scoundrel”, “crook” (or similar). You will not encounter it much in daily speech. The word “staat” translates to “state”, “nation” or “country” depending on context.

So, literally a “schurkenstaat” would be a “state of villains”, but the common meaning is that of a state that poses a threat to world peace or safety. You might see the word in newspaper articles or hear it on the news when certain Middle Eastern countries or North Korea are discussed. You can compare it with the “Axis of Evil” terminology introduced by  George W. Bush. However, “schurkenstaat” is not limited to a defined set of countries and you can apply the label “schurkenstaat” to any country that you think meets the definition 🙂

Examples:
– “Wat denk jij, is het aantal schurkenstaten toegenomen of afgenomen in de laatste tien jaar?”
(“What do you think, has the number of rogue states increased or decreased in the past ten years?”)

– “Is Libië nu wel of niet een schurkenstaat?”
(“Now, is Libya a rogue state, or is it not?”)

Related words:
– “Boef”: scoundrel, rascal.
– “Slechterik”: a bad person (derived from “slecht”: bad).

Schuttingtaal

foul/obscene language [noun] [de schuttingtaal, <no plural>] [‘sgu-ting-taal’]

Since "schuttingtaal" is a name for a specific usage of a language ("taal"), it does not have a plural form. Obviously, "taal" has a plural form and it is … (fill in yourself 🙂 ).

Schutting
"Schuttingtaal" consists of the words "schutting" and "taal". The word "schutting" translates to fence or boarding/hoarding, but the important distinction is that it has a closed surface, i.e. you can’t see through it. An advantage to some is that this allows you to write on it and obviously the right thing to do is to leave your fellow humans some kind of dirty message 🙂

So, "schuttingtaal" has become a synonym for foul language, referring to the kind you might read on fences or walls. It is mostly used in its figurative sense.

Example:
– "Ik zou willen voorstellen dat we het gebruik van schuttingtaal tijdens deze vergadering zo veel mogelijk beperken."
("I would like to suggest that we limit the usage of foul language as much as possible during this meeting.")

Expression:
– "Schuttingtaal uitslaan": to use foul/obscene language.

Example:
– "Je kunt deze politicus niet serieus nemen; hij slaat alleen maar schuttingtaal uit!"
("You can’t take this politician seriously; he only uses foul language!")

Related words:
– "Vieze woorden": dirty words.
– "Schelden": to curse/swear, to scold, to use abusive language.Lindavloek

Bond_tegen_vloeken_2 "Vloeken": to curse/swear. In the Netherlands the "bond tegen het vloeken" ("alliance against swearing") campaigns for a society without swearing. You might see their posters at train stations. One of the posters criticises the usage of the name "Jezus", since this is a holy name to many. The poster implicitly suggests one of the other 20.000 names we use in the Netherlands. You can order a poster with your own name at their website!

Kakker

stuck-up, pompous person [noun] [de kakker, de kakkers] [‘ka-kur’]

One of the readers of the DWOTD was called a “kakker” recently. Now, is this unfriendly? Let’s try to explain what a “kakker” is!

The translation we have given here does not entirely reflect the concept of “kakker”. First some idiom background: “kakker” is derived from the word “kak”. In this context “kak” translates to “arrogance”, “airs”, “poshness” etc. Then you have the word “bekakt” which means “posh”, but not only the meaning of wealthy and rich, but also the mentality.

Mind that “kak” also translates to “shit” or “crap”, and “kakker” to “somebody who shits” but this is totally off-topic 🙂

So, basically a “kakker” is somebody from a somewhat posh environment, he or she might have airs, appear arrogant or stuck-up. However, in daily language a “kakker” has become the word for persons with a specific look associated with the posh environments. It is mainly used for their informal clothing style. “Kakkers” are associated with student fraternities, the field hockey sport, sculling/rowing and sailing/yachting.

Examples of “kakker” clothing for men are: red cotton pants with a checkered shirt, a v-neck sweater and a sailing jacket, together with brogue shoes or boat shoes.
For women: a similar outfit as for men but adjusted to women fashion 🙂  or:  v-neck dress shirt with body warmer, jeans with rolled up legs and beige Timberland boots.

Now these are just examples, of course variations exist.

Typical brands of clothing for kakkers are: Oilily, Benetton, Tommy Hilfiger, Ralph Lauren, Lacoste, Scapa, Gaastra….

In the city of the Hague you might find “kakkers” in the quarters of Benoordenhout or Statenkwartier and you can find some “kakker” stores on the “Fred” (posh abbreviation for “Frederik Hendriklaan“).
In Amsterdam you will find “kakkers” in Oud-Zuid or at the P.C. Hooftstraat and in Rotterdam you can come across them in Kralingen.

Now is being called “kakker” a bad thing? No. It’s just a name for somebody belonging to a specific group of people. But, the word is of course mainly used by people who do not consider themselves a “kakker”!

Examples:
– “Op het schoolplein zie je vaak groepsvorming: aan de ene kant heb je de alto’s en aan de andere kant de kakkers.”
(“In the schoolyard one often sees groups being formed: on one side there will be the alternative kids, on the other side the posh ones.” This translation is a bit forced: “groepsvorming” is a typical Dutch word for people’s behaviour of socialising and hanging out with their own kind. An “alto” is an adolescent who is into alternative music like the grunge from the ninetees. It is derived from the Dutch word “alternatief”.)

– “Gisteren was ik op het terras van restaurant de Tuin aan de Kralingse Plas in Rotterdam. Daar waren best veel kakkers.”
(“Yesterday I was at the outdoor patio of restaurant de Tuin at the Kralingse Plas in Rotterdam. There were quite a few “kakkers” there.”)

– “Heb je de nieuwe vriendin van Peter al gehoord? Die praat echt bekakt!!”
(“Have you heard Peter’s new girlfriend? She really talks posh!!”)

Related words:
– “Koude kak”: typical “kak”-society like behaviour.
– “Bekakt”: posh, stuck-up.
– “Bekakt praten”: to talk with a posh accent.
– “Kakmeisje”: girl from a “kak” environment.
– “Expatkakker”: an expat who has adopted the “kakker” style 🙂
– “Kak”: shit, crap.