378. X-aantal

a certain number, n [noun] [het x-aantal, <no plural>] [‘iks-aan-tal’] Iconspeaker_klein 

Not too many words in Dutch start with an ‘x’. Today, we thought we’d take a word that is not directly derived from Latin, and that is actually often used.

"X-aantal" is used to indicate an unknown number. It is composed of the letter "x" (the typical unknown variable), and the noun "aantal", which translates to "number". Translations of "x-aantal" may vary from "some", "a few" to "quite a few", or just "an unknown amount".

Examples:
– "Wacht een x-aantal seconden, en druk dan op ‘Menu’."
("Wait n seconds, then press ‘Menu’.")

"Sander heeft gisteravond een x-aantal DWOTD-visitekaartjes aan Yolanda gegeven, die zij gaat uitdelen aan haar collega’s."
("Last night Sander gave a bunch of DWOTD business cards to Yolanda, who will hand these out to her co-workers.")

– "Ik ben de laatste tijd flink aangekomen en nu heb ik een x-aantal spijkerbroeken die niet meer passen."
("Lately I have gained quite some weight and now I have a number of (pairs of) jeans that do not fit anymore.")

– "Hoeveel vriendinnen heb jij gehad?" – "Ach, een x-aantal."
– "Ja ja…"

("How many girlfriends have you had?" – "Ah well, some." – "Yeah right…")

Related words:
– "Nummer": number, figure.
– "Aantal": number (as in a number of books/years), a few (as in a few minutes).
– "Tig": a lot (derived from the ending of tens in Dutch: twintig, dertig, veertig, etc.).

377. Jatten

to steal, to nick, to pinch [verb] [jatte, gejat] [‘ja-tun’] Iconspeaker_klein

"Jatten" is used informally. It is also the plural of "jat", and then has the meaning of "hands", but again informally.

Examples:
"Zo, die fiets is gloednieuw! Pas maar op dat hij niet gejat wordt!"
("My, that bicycle is brand-new! You had better pay attention that it is not stolen!")

"Hé, wat is er gebeurd?" – "Mijn portemonnee is gejat in de tram."
("Hey, what happened?" – "My wallet was stolen in the tram.")

"Kijk maar uit in de trein, tegenwoordig jatten ze je laptop zonder dat je het doorhebt!"
("You’d better watch out on the train, these days they steal your laptop without you noticing it!" Note the verb "doorhebben": to see (through), to be on to, …")

Expression:

"Beter goed gejat dan slecht bedacht": populistic expression saying
that it’s better to copy something well, than to have a bad idea.

Related words:

– "Jatmoos": pincher, swiper.
– "Dief": thief.

Sms’en

to text, to text message, to send a text message [verb] [sms’te, ge-sms’t] [‘es-em-es-un’] Iconspeaker_klein

SMS is the acronym for Short Message Service. In Dutch we use the acronym as a noun for the text message itself, and then of course we’ve derived a verb by adding the ending -en. It is not used as such in English, and you might hear the unsuspecting Dutchman use it this way when speaking English.

The spelling of the verb “sms’en” and its conjugations is tricky and often done incorrectly. The rule is that when you derive a verb from an acronym, an apostrophe is required to separate the acronym from the ending -en.  Then there is debate whether or not a hyphen is necessary in the past participle.

Examples:
“Ik zal je sms’en als ik op Den Haag Centraal ben aangekomen.”
(“I’ll text you when I’ve arrived at The Hague Central Station.”)

“Frank zat continu met zijn nieuwe vlam te sms’en tijdens het werkoverleg.”
(“Frank was continuously sending text messages to his new flame/ladylove during the project meeting.”  A “werkoverleg” is actually some kind of project progress meeting. The verb “overleggen” translates to “to consult/confer”. Note that the typical
Dutch construction for continuous activities is used here: [subject]  + [conjugation
of verbs suchs as “lopen” / “zitten” / “staan” / “hangen”]  + [te] +
[infinitive].)

“Wat heb je haar ge-sms’t?” – “Nou, dat ik verschrikkelijk verliefd op haar ben!”
(“What did you text her?” – “Well, that I’m madly in love with her!”)

“En wat deed je toen?” – “Nou toen sms’te ik haar weer! En daarna heb ik nooit meer iets ontvangen!”
(“And what did you do next?” -“Well, then I sent her another text message! And after that, I never received anything back!”)

Related words:
– “Sms / sms’je”: text message.
– “Mobiel(tje)”: mobile (phone).
– “06”: colloquialism for a mobile phone number (all mobile phone numbers start with “06” in the Netherlands).

Example:
“Heb je zijn 06 voor me?”
(“Do you have his cell phone number for me?”)

Extra:
There’s a very popular commercial on Dutch TV these days that is actually not about text messaging, but about sending emails with your mobile. The commercial starts with a guy trying to order 5 kilos of “inktvis” (squid). Because of the small keypad the users make mistakes and typos. Most famous one liner from this commercial is “goeiemoggel!”, which is supposed to be a typo of “goeiemorgen!” (good morning!). In Dutch commercials, humour is the most important ingredient and studies have shown that it’s the best way to make a message stick with the Dutch. As a result “goeiemoggel” can now be heard in many Dutch offices every morning… 🙂

374. Kapstok

hallstand, hatstand, hat rack, coathook(s) [noun] [de kapstok, de kapstokken] [‘kap-stok’] Iconspeaker_klein

The Dutch usually hang their coats (and their hats, umbrellas, bags, etc.) on a "kapstok". The "kapstok" is often located in the hallway ("gang") of the house.

Sometimes, "kapstok" is used in a figurative way (often in office language/jargon). In that case, it’s meaning is that of a "framework" or "steppingstone", see the Examples.

Examples:
– "Kerel, kom binnen! Daar is de kapstok! Wil je een biertje?"
("Come on in, big fellow! There’s a coathook over there. Do you want a beer?")

– "Er is geen plaats meer aan de kapstok, waar kan ik mijn jas ophangen?"
("There’s no space left on the hallstand anymore, where can I hang my coat?")

– "De inleiding van dit rapport is een kapstok om het projectplan te beschrijven."
("The introduction of this report is a steppingstone for describing the project plan." )

Related words:
– "Haak": hook.
– "Paraplubak": umbrella stand.

373. Zat

"Zat" is a word that can be used in several –
very different – meanings. Before you know it, you’re telling your boss
that you are drunk when you really want to say that you’re fed up with
your job 😉 See examples below to clarify things. And don’t get
confused: ‘zat’ is also the singular past tense of ‘zitten’ ("to sit"),
e.g. ‘ik zat, jij zat, hij/zij zat’ ("I sat, you sat, he/she sat"). 

1. drunk [adjective] [‘zat‘] Iconspeaker_3

"Zat" can be informally used as the word for "drunk" (or "drunken").

Examples:
– "Hij was niet gewoon zat, hij was ladderzat."
("He wasn’t just drunk, he was smashed.")

– "Zij kan niet tegen drank; na vier biertjes is ze al compleet zat."
("She doesn’t take alcohol (lit: booze) very well; she is completely drunk after four beers.")

Expression:
– "Zo zat zijn als een aap/kanon.": lit. to be as drunk as a monkey/cannon, this says you are
very drunk (‘drunk as a lord’).

Example:
– "Marc is zo zat als een aap!"

Related words:
– "Zatlap": a boozer, soak. A "lap" is like a piece of cloth.
– "Ladderzat": smashed, zonked.
– "Aangeschoten": tipsy.
– "Bezopen": drunk (informal).

2. fed up [adjective] [‘zat‘]

Examples:
– "Houd nou eens even je mond, ik ben je gezeur helemaal zat!"
("Please shut up for a moment, I’m totally fed up with your moaning!")

– "Ik stop ermee, ik ben het zat!"
("I quit, I’ve had enough (of it)!" Note it’s all in the word ‘het’
("it"). When you omit ‘het’ in this sentence, its meaning turns into
"I’m drunk".)

– "Fokke en Sukke zijn het zat: ‘Eén dag vrijzijn van meningsuiting, da’s toch
godverdomme niet te veel gevraagd!!!’ "
"Fokke en Sukke have had enough. ‘One day without (lit. ‘being free
of’) expression of opinion, that can’t be asking too bloody much!!!’"
(Fokke and Sukke – the two most famous (and infamous) Dutch ducks that appear in a
cartoon every day on the back page of Dutch national newspaper NRC
Handelsblad
– are referring to the current Dutch debate on where
freedom of speech ends and irresponsible insults start.)

3. plenty, to spare [adverb] [‘zat‘]

Examples:
– "Je hoeft je niet te haasten, je hebt nog tijd zat."
("No need to rush, you have plenty of time left.")

– "Waarom zou je gaan werken? Dankzij die erfenis heb je toch geld zat!"
("Why would you work? After all, you have lots of money (to spare) thanks to that inheritance!")

This DWOTD was provided by guest author Laura.